Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially released the "12th Five-Year Development Plan" for the mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials industry. The plan states that through five years of efforts, China's innovation capacity in the "three base" industries will be significantly strengthened. In 2020, an industrial pattern will be developed in concert with mainframes, capable of meeting the demand for mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials for major equipment and high-end equipment, thereby improving the situation of serious lagging industrial development. “From the beginning of the revitalization plan in 2009 to the current infrastructure plan, it can be seen that the state attaches increasing importance to the mechanical infrastructure industry, and the mechanical industry has changed from heavy mainframes to the synchronous development of mainframes and parts. Even more gratifying is the fact that the country has proposed to reverse import dependence on essential infrastructure as soon as possible and to elevate the infrastructure for development to a very important level, which is very heartening to the industry.”Sha Baosen, the director of the China Hydraulic and pneumatic sealing industry association, a veteran expert who has worked in the mechanical basic parts industry for more than 40 years, campaigned for the development of basic parts for more than 20 years, and was a participant in the "Three Key" 12th Five-Year Plan, said with great relief during an exclusive interview with reporters. High-end products lag behind mainframe requirements "There is a choke point in China's equipment manufacturing industry in the construction machinery industry, where 70% of the profits are swallowed up by imported basic parts." Mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials are the basis on which equipment manufacturing depends for its survival and development, and their level directly determines the performance, quality and reliability of major equipment and mainframe products. It is understood that after many years of efforts, China's "three base" machinery industry has made great progress. The variety and level of products have been greatly improved, the output and output value of various common machinery basic parts ranks first in the world, and the support capacity continues to increase, forming a comprehensive production system that can meet the general needs of the mainframe industry, providing important support and guarantee for the development of equipment manufacturing. Sha Baosen told reporters that the domestic average market share of domestic bearings, gears, fasteners and other mechanical basic parts can reach about 65%, and low- and middle-end products can basically be resolved independently, but high-end products have some performance indicators and production capacity that cannot meet the needs. “Among the three core components - hydraulic parts, engines, and electric control systems - the hydraulic parts are the most sharp stab stuck in the throat of China's construction machinery industry. Nearly half of the 160 thousand excavators manufactured in China in 2010 rely on imports, and 70% of the industry profits are swallowed by imported basic parts, hydraulic parts occupy the first place. Because of the weak technology of key components, domestic equipment is clearly at a disadvantage when competing with world-renowned brands.”According to Schaeberson, the problem of technical lack of high-end hydraulic components has a long history. Some enterprises that have long relied on imported parts know this well. The owner of a sealing enterprise in Jiangsu province once complained to reporters privately, "Due to the lack of autonomous technology, I have to ask a supplier to sell our products. Not only does the price increase several times, but the delivery period is also not guaranteed, often from three months to a year after the market changes before delivery." Since 2008, China's equipment manufacturing industry has continued to rank first in the world, and the integration capability of mainframes and major equipment has been significantly improved. However, high-end "three base" products cannot keep up with the requirements of the development of the mainframe, and the contradiction between the rapid development of high-end mainframes and the insufficient supply of supporting "three bases" products has become apparent, which has become the bottleneck limiting the development of major equipment and high-end equipment in China. The 12th Five-Year Plan is an important period of strategic opportunity to realize the transformation from a major manufacturer of equipment to a powerful manufacturer of equipment. It is critical to develop the "three base" industries, upgrade the product level and enhance the supporting capacity. October 14, with a total investment of 2.6 billion yuan, with independent intellectual property rights of 600 thousand sets of high-end hydraulic parts project in Shandong Changlin Group Zhongchuan hydraulic company put into mass production, which marks the domestic high-end hydraulic parts to achieve a breakthrough. In fact, after the publication of the Equipment Manufacturing Restructuring and Revitalization Plan in 2009, the main enterprises and parts enterprises in the machinery industry began to realize the importance of basic components and began to actively participate in inputs. “Preliminary statistics, nearly three years of investment in hydraulic gas industry funds not less than 30 billion yuan, more than the first 11 five-year plan combined. We will guide these funds to be concentrated on high-end product development and avoid duplication and waste in low-end construction.”Among these sources of investment, mainly host enterprises and private capital, said Shabson. Host enterprises such as Sany Heavy Industries, Liugong, Xugong and Xiamen have investment plans. Professional hydraulic companies have also begun to invest, and Shanxi Yuji Hydraulic has invested a large amount of capital in plans. With the efforts of all parties, in recent years, some high-end parts and components in China have achieved key technological breakthroughs, some of which have reached international leading levels. Constraints need to be overcome The current situation in China's industrial development of the three basic industries, which is seriously lagging behind the mainframe and is solidified at the low end of the industrial chain, should be reversed as soon as possible, and it is imperative to improve the overall level and international competitiveness of the three-basic industries. "The manufacturing habits we have inherited over the years have made us not pay enough attention to the production details of parts and components, and the quality of production processes and raw materials cannot keep up, making enterprises struggle in the process of entering the high-end product field." According to Spencer, the key to breaking the industry gap is to break down the industry gap. He said, for example, that in the cleaning of high-end hydraulic parts, the removal of hair spurs, and the control of oil pollution, we still did not do a good job, which caused the quality of the product to not improve. The base material required for castings used in high-end products has high requirements in many indicators, such as some products require a smooth surface of castings without sand and an accuracy error within 0.2 millimeters, which domestic materials cannot meet, and can only rely on imports. "To achieve breakthroughs in key technologies, we cannot rely on excellent scientific research talent." Since not enough attention has been paid to the parts industry for years, talent loss has been serious, and one of the main jobs of the association is to promote the cultivation of industry talents, said Shapson. For example, the relevant institutions should be assisted in establishing niche specializations and recruiting and training college students; Conduct large-scale training in industrially concentrated areas to develop mature skilled personnel; Actively bring in highly educated technical talent from abroad; Encourage strong companies to set up research institutes abroad. The independent innovation capability of the parts and components industry is generally low, and it is particularly important to set up a public service platform and establish an independent innovation system for the industry. On November 25, the National Air Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center established by Fenghua City, Zhejiang, officially passed the approval of the General Administration of Quality Supervision. The "national" inspection center for this industry is also the first in the country. Shapson was pleased to tell reporters that this is one of the public service platforms the association has vigorously promoted, and the association is also planning industry research centers, testing centers, information centers and other platforms. "We hope to seize the opportunity of the improvement of the parts industry, provide good support services for the development of enterprises, and allow the parts industry to achieve rapid development." Interview remarks Getting the "steering wheel" of the development of parts From the "Restructuring and Revitalization Plan for Equipment Manufacturing" in 2009 to the "Implementation Plan for the Revitalization of the Machinery Basic Parts Industry" in 2010, Then there is this year's "12th Five-Year Development Plan for Mechanical Basic Parts, Basic Manufacturing Processes and Basic Materials Industry," which lasted three years, and three policies were introduced consecutively, and the targeting was strengthened more and more each time, which can be seen from the national intention and determination to develop the mechanical parts industry. Strong policy signals have been issued repeatedly, stoking confidence that money is coming in from everywhere. Over the past three years, investment in the parts and components industry has increased significantly, but this is encouraging but also worrying about whether capital-intensive investment will cause excess. The ownership rate of domestic components of more than 65% in China means that China's components do not lack capacity, and the market potential is mainly concentrated in the field of high-end products. Individual enterprises that blindly invest their capital in low-end products on the basis of existing conditions may fall into vicious market competition, leading to difficulties in recovering their investments. In this regard, it is recommended that national competent authorities consider raising the threshold for industry entry in a comprehensive manner, and for manufacturers of low- and medium-end products, on the one hand, they should guide enterprises to refine and strengthen their products, and on the other hand, the restrictions should be strictly limited in terms of product establishment and project support, so as to avoid duplication of construction at low end. At the same time, policy support for the basic parts industry will focus on enterprises with some independent R & D and innovation capabilities and on "strategic alliances for technology innovation" formed by enterprises. In addition, the growth of domestic components enterprises requires a favorable market environment. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen policy guidance, encourage host enterprises to complement and use domestic products, and establish a mechanism for the use of domestic basic components to create favorable conditions for the development of the industry.